Signs and Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer

We could hardly find a person who hasn't suffered from abdominal pain at least once in his life. Abdominal pain may be of different kinds, the effect of a amount of causes, which range from simple your threatening conditions. Aside from the cause and the severity, it is troublesome for the sufferers and the caregivers, and hence forces them to go for a medical consultation.

Abdomen could be the part of the body involving the thorax and the pelvis, that will be separated from the thorax by way of a diaphragm and from the actual pelvis by an imaginary plane. Anteriorly the anterior abdominal wall supports it and posteriorly อาการ คน ท้อง, the spine and back muscles. Skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia, muscles, layers of fascia (Fascia transversalis), extra peritoneal connective tissue and the outer layer of peritoneum form the anterior abdominal wall. The abdominal cavity extends upwards in the concavity of diaphragm and downwards in to the pelvic cavity. Since there is overlapping by the ribs in the top of part and pelvic bones in the reduced part, the exact size of the abdominal cavity is masked.

The abdomen contains digestive organs like stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, and uro-genital organs like kidneys, ureters, bladder, fallopian tubes, ovaries and uterus. It also includes organs like spleen, adrenal glands, mesenteric lymph nodes, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels etc. Ligaments formed by peritoneal tissue attach these organs and keep them in position. The peritoneum is really a large serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and has got two layers. The outer layer is called parietal peritoneum and it covers the inner surface of the abdominal wall and the inner layer is called visceral peritoneum, which covers the organs and restricts their mobility. These two layers of peritoneum are connected by omentum and mesentery through that the organs get blood supply and nerve supply. The cavity formed by the two layers of peritoneum is just a potential space, called peritoneal cavity, which is moistened with a serous fluid in order to avoid friction of abdominal contents.

Kinds of abdominal pain:

Dependant on the origin, there may be different types of abdominal pains.

1. Visceral pain (Splanchnic pain): This is brought on by stimulation of visceral nerves by a noxious agent, which might be living organisms, toxins, mechanical stimuli like stretching, excessive muscular contraction or an ischaemia. Visceral pain is dull in nature and is poorly localized and felt in the midline.

2. Parietal pain: That is also known as somatic pain. Here, some noxious agents stimulate the parietal peritoneum causing a sharp and localized pain. This type of pain is worse by movements.

3. Referred pain: Here the pain, though originating in other sites, is felt in the abdomen as a result of common nerve supply. Example: Conditions like pleurisy, pericarditis, torsion of testes etc. cause pain in abdominal region because of method of getting nerves having the exact same root value (Spinal segments).

It was already mentioned that abdominal pain is agonizing for the affected person and his household members regardless of its cause and severity. Intensity of pain may not always indicate the seriousness of the condition because severe pain can be from mild conditions like indigestion and flatulency, where as mild pain may be contained in life threatening conditions like perforation, cancer etc. Hence proper diagnosis and management is quite essential.

Modes of presentation of abdominal pain:

1. Acute abdominal pain: Here, the pain is sudden with a rapid onset and short course, which might be due to severe or mild lesions. The term'acute abdomen'is found in conditions wherein the in-patient complains of acute abdominal symptoms that suggest a disease, which definitely or perhaps threatens life and may or may not demand urgent surgical interference. Acute pain might be colicky or non colicky in nature.

2. Chronic abdominal pain: Here the pain is long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long suffering. The complaints persist for quite a while with fluctuations in the intensity of symptoms.

3. Sub acute abdominal pain: While the name indicates the duration of pain lies between acute and chronic conditions.

4. Acute exacerbation: In this state, a person having chronic symptoms includes sudden onset of symptoms that simulate an acute condition. Such cases the in-patient or the bystanders give the history of chronic sufferings.

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